Ottoman Empire

Ottoman Empire
   The Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople (present-day Istanbul) in 1453. They were to expand and rule parts of eastern Europe for hundreds of years, beginning in the 16th century. The Gypsies were generally treated like other minority ethnic groups, with their own leaders often being responsible for tax collection. Gypsies of all faiths paid higher taxes than the Turkish Muslims but were exempt from most obligations to the state. Under Ottoman rule, many Gypsies in the Balkans became converts to Islam, while others who were already Muslims came into Europe with the Turkish conquerors as soldiers, musicians, and courtiers of various kinds. From time to time the Ottomans banned nomadism, probably because of the difficulty of collecting taxes from nomads rather than any special ill will toward nomadism as such.

Historical dictionary of the Gypsies . .

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  • OTTOMAN EMPIRE — OTTOMAN EMPIRE, Balkan and Middle Eastern empire started by a Turkish tribe, led by ʿUthmān (1288–1326), at the beginning of the 14th century. This entry is arranged according to the following outline: sources …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • OTTOMAN (EMPIRE) — Édifié lentement, au début du XIVe siècle, sur les ruines de l’État seldjoukide d’Anatolie, puis, au XVe siècle, sur celles de l’Empire byzantin, l’État ottoman, après la prise de Constantinople (29 mai 1453), est devenu l’une des puissances… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Ottoman Empire — empire ( c. 1300 1918) of the Turks, including at its peak much of SE Europe, SW Asia, & NE Africa: cap. (after 1453) Constantinople …   English World dictionary

  • Ottoman Empire — دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet i Âliyye i Osmâniyye …   Wikipedia

  • Ottoman Empire — a former Turkish empire that was founded about 1300 by Osman and reached its greatest territorial extent under Suleiman in the 16th century; collapsed after World War I. Cap.: Constantinople. Also called Turkish Empire. * * * Former empire… …   Universalium

  • Ottoman Empire —    The Ottoman Empire originated as one of more than a dozen small Anatolian principalities that came into existence in the wake of the Mongol invasions of the thirteenth century. These Turkish principalities were Islamic warrior states whose… …   Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914

  • Ottoman Empire —    Tracing its origins to the end of the 13th century, the Ottoman Empire at its zenith was one of the greatest Islamic states in history. In 1453, the Ottomans finally captured Constantinople and ended the Byzantine Empire. In the following… …   Historical Dictionary of the Kurds

  • Ottoman Empire —    Islamic state of the Osmanli branch of the Turk ish peoples, founded in the late 13th century by Osman I. It continued to be ruled by the sultans descended from him until its dissolution at the end of World War I. The empire was the most… …   Historical Dictionary of Renaissance

  • Ottoman Empire — noun /ˈɒtəmən ˈɛmpaɪə,ˈɒtəmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/ A large empire which began as a Turkish sultanate centered on modern Turkey; founded in the 13th century, it lasted until the end of World War I. Under their fluctuating rule an Ottoman Empire was indeed to… …   Wiktionary

  • Ottoman Empire — Ottoman Em|pire, the a large ↑empire, based in ↑Turkey and with its capital in ↑Istanbul, which also included large parts of Eastern Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It continued from the 13th century until after World War I, but it was most… …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • Ottoman Empire–Persian Empire relations — The history of Persian Ottoman relations started with the establishment of Safavid dynasty in the Persian Empire in the early 16th century. The initial Ottoman Safavid conflict culminated in the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514, and was followed by a… …   Wikipedia

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